Different arrival times of CM and CI-like bodies from the outer Solar System to the asteroid beltOPEN ACCESS 

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Sarah Anderson, Pierre Vernazza, Miroslav Brož

Nature PREPRINT under review, Version 1, posted 28 May, 2024

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“Understanding the provenance of CI and CM chondrites, the most primitive materials in our meteorite collections, is critical for shedding light on the Solar System’s early evolution [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and contextualizing findings from recent sample return missions [6, 7]. Here we show that the parent bodies of CM chondrites originate from the Saturn formation region, whereas those of CI chondrites originate essentially from the primordial trans-Uranian disk. Using N-body simulations to investigate the effect of giant planet growth and inward Type-I migration [8, 9], along with the current observed distribution of CM, CI, and comet-like (P types) bodies in the asteroid belt [10], we demonstrate that CI and CM-like bodies must have been implanted at different times in the belt, while CI and comet-like bodies were implanted at the same time. These different implantation periods are imposed by the fact that the gas disk profile entirely governs the radial distribution of bodies implanted by aerodynamic drag in the asteroid belt. A preferred location coincides with the inner edge of a ‘gap’ opened by Jupiter. Saturn’s growth likely drove the migration of CM-like bodies, whereas CI and comet-like bodies were transported at a later stage, during the outward migration of Uranus and Neptune driven by remaining planetesimals. Since CM chondrites are chondrule-rich, it follows that chondrule formation occurred mostly inward of the ice giant’s formation zone (ď10 au). A by-product of our simulations is that only CM-like (not CI-like) bodies contributed to the water budget of the telluric planets.”

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