Fractionation of radiogenic Pb isotopes in meteorites and their components induced by acid leaching
Yuri Amelin, Qing-Zhu Yin, Piers Koefoed, Renaud Merle, Yuki Hibiya, Magdalena H. Huyskens, Tsuyoshi Iizuka, Julia A. Cartwright Geochimica et Cosmochimica ActaAvailable online 10 November 2024 LINK “In this study we test the possibility that…
Potential Chronological Disturbance of the D’Orbigny Angrite Inferred from Discordant 26Al AgesOPEN ACCESS
Cécile Deligny, Maxime Pirall, Johan Villeneuve, Evelyn Füri, and Yves Marrocchi The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 975, Number 1 LINK (OPEN ACCESS)PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “Angrites originate from the early-formed differentiated angrite parent body. The pristine…
Evidence against water delivery by impacts within 10 million years of planetesimal formationOPEN ACCESS
B.G. Rider-Stokes, A. Stephant, M. Anand, I.A. Franchi, X. Zhao, L.F. White, A. Yamaguchi, R.C. Greenwood, S.L. Jackson Earth and Planetary Science LettersVolume 642, 15 September 2024, 118860 LINK (OPEN ACCESS) “Highlights “The quenched (rapidly-cooled)…
Disparate Pb-isotopic ages of silicate and phosphate minerals in the diabasic angrite Northwest Africa 12320
Chitrangada Datta, Yuri Amelin, Evgenii Krestianinov, Anthony J. Irving, Ian S. Williams IcarusIn Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 30 January 2024 LINK “Pb-isotopic dating of the recently discovered diabasic angrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 12320 yielded…
Rubidium isotopic compositions of angrites controlled by extensive evaporation and partial recondensation
Baoliang Wang, Frederic Moynier, and Yan Hu PNAS, 121 (1) e2311402121 LINK “The planetesimals in the solar system exhibit varying degrees of moderately volatile elements (MVEs) depletion compared to the protosolar composition. Revealing the relevant…
Mineralogical anatomy of the Cr-rich quenched angrite Northwest Africa 12774: Implication to mantle heterogeneity
Yang He, Ai-Cheng Zhang, Yongbo Peng, Jia Liu, Liping Qin Geochimica et Cosmochimica ActaIn Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 23 November 2023 LINK “Angrites are a small group of basaltic meteorites and their origin is…
Light noble gases in 11 achondrites: Cosmic ray exposure ages, gas retention ages, and preatmospheric sizes
Thomas Smith, Huaiyu He, Shijie Li, Fei Su MAPS, Version of Record online: 18 October 2023 LINK “We report light noble gas (He, Ne, and Ar) concentrations and isotopic ratios in 11 achondrites, Tafassasset (unclassified…
Volatile-depletion processing of the building blocks of Earth and Mars as recorded by potassium isotopes
Yan Hu, Frédéric Moynier, Xin Yang Earth and Planetary Science LettersVolume 620, 15 October 2023, 118319 LINK “The stable potassium isotopic ratios (41K/39K) of Earth and Mars have been interpreted to reflect either nucleosynthetic isotope…
Distribution of s-, r-, and p-process nuclides in the early Solar System inferred from Sr isotope anomalies in meteoritesOPEN ACCESS
Jonas M. Schneider, Christoph Burkhardt, Thorsten Kleine Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters PDF (OPEN ACCESS) Update (25 July 2023):The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 952, Number 1 LINK (OPEN ACCESS)PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “Nucleosynthetic…
Peculiarities of the Extraterrestrial Basalts of the Solar System with Reference to the Exoplanet Science: a Brief Review
S. I. Demidova & D. D. Badyukov Geochemistry International, Volume 61, pages 453–467Published: 06 July 2023 LINK “The formation of basalts is a global stage in the evolution of differentiated cosmic body (planet or asteroid)…
Impact mixing among rocky planetesimals in the early Solar System from angrite oxygen isotopes
B. G. Rider-Stokes, R. C. Greenwood, M. Anand, L. F. White, I. A. Franchi, V. Debaille, S. Goderis, L. Pittarello, A. Yamaguchi, T. Mikouchi & P. Claeys Nature Astronomy, Published: 15 May 2023 LINK “Angrite…
Degassing of early-formed planetesimals restricted water delivery to Earth
M. E. Newcombe, S. G. Nielsen, L. D. Peterson, J. Wang, C. M. O’D. Alexander, A. R. Sarafian, K. Shimizu, L. R. Nittler & A. J. Irving NaturePublished: 15 March 2023 LINK “The timing of…
Appraising the Late-Stage Magmatic fO2 of Diabasic Angrites with a Novel Phase Equilibrium Approach. Implications for New and Existing Models of Angrite Petrogenesis
Aaron S. Bell, Charles Shearer, Lydia Pinkham, Anthony J. Irving Geochimica et Cosmochimica ActaIn Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 5 March 2023 LINK “One of the enduring problems in angrite petrogenesis is how to reconcile…
The Angrite Parent Body as the Archetypal First-Generation Planetesimal: Large, Reduced and Mg-Enriched
Tissot F. L. H.* Collinet M. Namur O. Grove T. L. 54th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2023 abstract [#1221] Two groups of quenched angrites. Experimental constraints point to a possibly Moon-sized parent body. A self-consistent bulk composition for the APB…
History of Hydrogen in the Early Inner Solar System as Recorded in Angrite Meteorites
Rider-Stokes B. G.* Anand M. White L. F. Stephant A. Franchi I. A. Zhao X. 54th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2023 abstract [#1602] We investigate H abundance and isotopic compositions of minerals in angrites, providing insights into the timing of volatile addition to…
Potassium isotope heterogeneity in the early Solar System controlled by extensive evaporation and partial recondensationOPEN ACCESS
Yan Hu, Frédéric Moynier & Martin Bizzarro Nature Communications, Volume 13, Article number: 7669Published: 12 December 2022 LINK (OPEN ACCESS)PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “Volatiles are vital ingredients for a habitable planet. Angrite meteorites sample the most…
The case for the angrite parent body as the archetypal first-generation planetesimal: Large, reduced and Mg-enriched
François L.H. Tissot, Max Collinet, Olivier Namur, Timothy L. Grove Geochimica et Cosmochimica ActaIn Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 7 October 2022 LINK “Angrites are silica-undersaturated achondrites formed very early in the history of the…
Origin and timing of volatile delivery (N, H) to the angrite parent body: Constraints from in situ analyses of melt inclusions
C. Deligny, E. Füri, Etienne Deloule Geochimica et Cosmochimica ActaAvailable online 4 August 2021 LINK “Angrites are derived from the earliest generation of differentiated planetesimals that accreted sunward of Jupiter’s orbit, and are, thus, key…
Statistical Chronometry: Anchors Away!
Desch S. J., Dunlap D. R., Williams C. D., Torrano Z. A. 84th Annual Meeting of The Meteoritical Society 2021 (abstract # 6231) PDF We fit 4 parameters (CAI Pb-Pb ages; solar system initial 53Mn/55Mn,…
Revising the Angrite Fractionation Line: New Insights from High-Precision Oxygen Isotope Studies
Rider-Stokes B. G., Greenwood R. C., Anand M., Franchi I. A., White L. F. 84th Annual Meeting of The Meteoritical Society 2021 (abstract # 6071) PDF Here we present new oxygen isotope data for angrite…
Trace element geochemistry of coarse‐grained angrites from Northwest Africa: Implications for their petrogenesis on the angrite parent body
Matthew E. Sanborn, Meenakshi Wadhwa Meteoritics & Planetary ScienceFirst Published: 3 March 2021 LINK “The angrites are a class of achondrites that encompass a wide range of igneous textures from quenched, volcanic, and subvolcanic stones…
Isotopic signatures as tools to reconstruct the primordial architecture of the Solar System
Jan Render, Gregory A. Brennecka Earth and Planetary Science LettersAvailable online 10 December 2020 LINK “Highlights • Angrites and eucrites exhibit nucleosynthetic anomalies in Nd and Zr isotopes.• These isotopic signatures are consistent with deficits…
Unique angrite-like fragments in a CH3 chondrite reveal a new basaltic planetesimal
Ai-Cheng Zhang, Noriyuki Kawasaki, Minami Kuroda, Yang Li, Hua-Pei Wang, Xue-Ning Bai, Naoya Sakamoto, Qing-Zhu Yin, Hisayoshi Yurimoto Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 19 February 2020 LINK “Most meteorites are…
Northwest Africa 12774 — A New Basaltic/Quenched Angrite
V. H. Hoffmann, K. Wimmer, T. Mikouchi, M. Kaliwoda, R. Hochleitner, M. Funaki, M. Torii, M. Jost 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2020), Abstract #2323 PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “A new angrite, NWA 12774, was…
Petrology and Chemical Composition of Olivine-Pyroxene-Phyric Quenched Angrite Northwest Africa 12774
A. J. Irving, P. K. Carpenter, J. H. Tepper, M. Righter, T. J. Lapen, H. Busemann 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2020), Abstract #2399 PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “Angrites are enigmatic achondrites notable for their…
Mineralogy and Petrology of the Northwest Africa 12774 Angrite
H. Hayashi, H. Kim, C. Park, T. Mikouchi, V. H. Hoffmann 51st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2020), Abstract #2360 PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “Angrite is one of the oldest basaltic achondrites showing unusual chemistry enriched…
An experimental assessment of the potential of sulfide saturation of the source regions of eucrites and angrites: implications for asteroidal models of core formation, late accretion and volatile element depletions
E.S. Steenstra, J. Berndt, S. Klemme, A. Rohrbach, E.S.Bullock, W. van Westrenen Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Journal Pre-proof, Available online 15 October 2019 LINK “The geochemistry of asteroidal magmas provides fundamental clues to…
Constraints on asteroid magnetic field evolution and the radii of meteorite parent bodies from thermal modelling
James F. J. Bryson, Jerome A. Neufeld, Francis Nimmo Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume 521, 1 September 2019, Pages 68-78 LINK “Highlights • We predict the timing of asteroid magnetic field generation using thermal…
Significance of High Field Strength and Rare Earth Element Distributions in Deciphering the Evolution of the Inner Solar System
Kent C. Condie, Charles K. Shearer Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Available online 28 May 2019 LINK “Major processes affecting high field strength (HFSE) and rare earth (REE) element ratios in planetary basalts are degree of…
Timing and Origin of the Angrite Parent Body Inferred from Cr IsotopesOPEN ACCESS
Ke Zhu (朱柯), Frédéric Moynier, Daniel Wielandt, Kirsten K. Larsen, Jean-Alix Barrat, and Martin Bizzarro The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 877, Number 1 Published 2019 May 23 LINK (OPEN ACCESS) PDF (OPEN ACCESS) “Angrite meteorites…
Isotopic evolution of the protoplanetary disk and the building blocks of Earth and the Moon
Martin Schiller, Martin Bizzarro & Vera Assis Fernandes Nature volume 555, pages 507–510 (22 March 2018) doi:10.1038/nature25990 LINK “Nucleosynthetic isotope variability among Solar System objects is often used to probe the genetic relationship between meteorite…
Noble gases in angrites Northwest Africa 1296, 2999/4931, 4590, and 4801: Evolution history inferred from noble gas signatures
Nakashima, D., Nagao, K. and Irving, A. J. Meteoritics & Planetary Science. doi: 10.1111/maps.13039 LINK “Noble gases in the five angrites Northwest Africa (NWA) 1296, 2999, 4590, 4801, and 4931 were analyzed with total melting…
Basaltic volcanism on the angrite parent body: Comparison with 4 Vesta
Abernethy, F. A. J., Verchovsky, A. B., Franchi, I. A. and Grady, M. M. Meteoritics & Planetary Science. doi: 10.1111/maps.13016 LINK “Carbon and nitrogen data from stepped combustion analysis of eight angrites, seven eucrites, and…
Petrogenesis of D’Orbigny-like angrite meteorites and the role of spinel in the angrite source
McKibbin, S. J. and O’Neill, H. St. C. Meteoritics & Planetary Science. doi: 10.1111/maps.13004 LINK “Angrite meteorites are samples of early planetesimal magmatic rocks, distinguished from more typical “basaltic eucrites” by compositions that are silica…
Olivinites in the angrite D’Orbigny: vestiges of pristine reducing conditions during angrite formation
M.E. Varela, S-L. Hwang, P. Shen, H-T. Chu, T-F. Yui, Y. Iizuka, F. Brandstätter, Y.A. Abdu Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 20 August 2017 LINK “Olivinites, together with olivine megacrysts,…
Mn-Fe systematics in major planetary body reservoirs in the solar system and the positioning of the Angrite Parent Body: A crystal-chemical perspective
James J. Papike, Paul V. Burger, Aaron S. Bell, Charles K. Shearer American Mineralogist DOI: 10.2138/am-2017-6112 First Published on August 01, 2017 LINK “A revised diagram plotting the Fe/Mn ratio of pyroxene and olivine verses…
Distinct 238U/235U ratios and REE patterns in plutonic and volcanic angrites: Geochronologic implications and evidence for U isotope fractionation during magmatic processes
François L.H. Tissot, Nicolas Dauphas, Timothy L. Grove Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 8 July 2017 LINK “Angrites are differentiated meteorites that formed between 4 and 11 Myr after Solar…
Titanium Stable Isotopic Variations in Chondrites, Achondrites and Lunar Rocks
Nicolas D. Greber, Nicolas Dauphas, Igor S. Puchtel, Beda A. Hofmann, Nicholas T. Arndt Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 30 June 2017 LINK “Titanium isotopes are potential tracers of processes…
Rubidium isotopic composition of the Earth, meteorites, and the Moon: Evidence for the origin of volatile loss during planetary accretionOPEN ACCESS
Emily A. Pringle, Frédéric Moynier Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 473, 1 September 2017, Pages 62-70 LINK “Highlights • We measured high-precision stable Rb isotope ratios in terrestrial samples, chondrites, HED meteorites, and lunar…
Northwest Africa 10463: A New Angrite Meteorite
Santos A. R. * Agee C. B. Bell A. S. Shearer C. K. 80th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society 2017 [#6313] abstract (PDF) “NWA 10463 is a new angrite meteorite with several interesting textural…
Reconciliation of the excess 176Hf conundrum in meteorites: Recent disturbances of the Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotope systematics
Rebecca Bast, Erik E. Scherer, Peter Sprung, Klaus Mezger, Mario Fischer-Gödde, Stephan Taetz, Mischa Böhnke, Hinrich Schmid-Beurmann, Carsten Münker, Thorsten Kleine, Gopalan Srinivasan Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 8 June…
Angrite meteorites record the onset and flux of water to the inner solar system
Adam R. Sarafian, Sune G. Nielsen, Horst R. Marschall, Glenn A. Gaetani, Erik H. Hauri, Kevin Righter, Emily Sarafian Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 7 June 2017 LINK “Earth and…
Early accretion of water and volatile elements to the inner Solar System: evidence from angrites
Adam R. Sarafian, Erik H. Hauri, Francis M. McCubbin, Thomas J. Lapen, Eve L. Berger, Sune G. Nielsen, Horst R. Marschall, Glenn A. Gaetani, Kevin Righter, Emily Sarafian Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2017 375…
Iron isotopic fractionation between silicate mantle and metallic core at high pressureOPEN ACCESS
Jin Liu, Nicolas Dauphas, Mathieu Roskosz, Michael Y. Hu, Hong Yang, Wenli Bi, Jiyong Zhao, Esen E. Alp, Justin Y. Hu & Jung-Fu Lin Nature Communications 8, Article number: 14377 (2017) doi:10.1038/ncomms14377 LINK (OPEN ACCESS)…
Lifetime of the solar nebula constrained by meteorite paleomagnetism
By Huapei Wang, Benjamin P. Weiss, Xue-Ning Bai, Brynna G. Downey, Jun Wang, Jiajun Wang, Clément Suavet, Roger R. Fu, Maria E. Zucolotto Science 10 Feb 2017: Vol. 355, Issue 6325, pp. 623-627 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf5043…
The Mn-Fe Systematics of the Angrite Parent Body as Compared to Other Major Planetary Body Reservoirs in the Solar System: A Crystal Chemical Perspective
J. J. Papike, P. V. Burger, C. K. Shearer, A. S. Bell, A. Santos 48th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2017), Abstract #2688 LINK
Northwest Africa 8535: Sampling a New Portion of the Angrite Parent Body
A. R. Santos, C. B. Agee, C. K. Shearer, A. S. Bell, P. V. Burger, F. M. McCubbin 48th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2017), Abstract #2266 PDF
Iron Isotope Compositions of Achondritic Meteorites from Distinct Parent Bodies
Dybal E. M. K. Wadhwa M. * Romaniello S. Hines R. 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society (2016) #6535 LINK
Recent Terrestrial Disturbance of the 176Lu-176Hf Systematics in Meteorites
Bast R. * Scherer E. E. Sprung P. Mezger K. Bischoff A. 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society (2016) #6164 LINK
Heterogeneity in the 238U/235U Ratios of Angrites
Tissot F. L. H. * Dauphas N. Grove T. L. 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society (2016) #6104 LINK
Northwest Africa 8535 and Northwest Africa 10463: New Insights into the Angrite Parent Body
A. R. Santos, C. B. Agee, C. K. Shearer, F. M. McCubbin 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2016), Abstract #2590 PDF
Refining Theories of Accretion in the Early Solar System: Petrographic, Major-, Platinum-Group Element, and Osmium Isotope Characteristics of Angrite Metals
A. J. V. Riches, K. W. Burton, G. M. Nowell, C. W. Dale, A. J. Irving, A. R. Santos 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2016), Abstract #2858 PDF
The initial abundance and distribution of 92Nb in the Solar System
Tsuyoshi Iizuka, Yi-Jen Lai, Waheed Akram, Yuri Amelin, Maria Schönbächler Earth and Planetary Science Letters Available online 11 February 2016 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.02.005 Updated: February 11, 2016 PDF (open access) abstract “Niobium-92 is an extinct proton-rich nuclide,…
Noble gases in 18 Martian meteorites and angrite Northwest Africa 7812—Exposure ages, trapped gases, and a re-evaluation of the evidence for solar cosmic ray-produced neon in shergottites and other achondrites
Wieler, R., Huber, L., Busemann, H., Seiler, S., Leya, I., Maden, C., Masarik, J., Meier, M. M. M., Nagao, K., Trappitsch, R. and Irving, A. J. Meteoritics & Planetary Science doi: 10.1111/maps.12600 Article first published…
The building blocks of Earth and Mars: A close genetic link
Caroline Fitoussi, Bernard Bourdon, Xueying Wang Earth and Planetary Science Letters Available online 8 December 2015 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.036 LINK “The Earth formed in a swarm of Moon- to Mars-sized objects that collided together to build our…
Magnesium isotopic composition of achondrites
Fatemeh Sedaghatpour, Fang-Zhen Teng Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 2 December 2015 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.016 LINK “Magnesium isotopic compositions of 22 well-characterized differentiated meteorites including 7 types of achondrites and pallasite meteorites…
147Sm-143Nd and 176Lu-176Hf systematics of eucrite and angrite meteorites.
Bouvier, A., Blichert-Toft, J., Boyet, M. and Albarède, F. Meteoritics & Planetary Science. doi: 10.1111/maps.12553 LINK “Comparative planetary geochemistry provides insight into the origin and evolutionary paths of planetary bodies in the inner solar system….
The Lu Isotopic Composition of Achondrites: Closing the Case for Accelerated Decay of 176Lu
Josh Wimpenny et al. The Astrophysical Journal Letters 2015 ApJ812 L3 LINK “Studies of Lu–Hf isotope systematics in meteorites have produced apparent “ages” that are older than Pb–Pb ages and older than the estimated age…
147,146Sm-143,142Nd, 176Lu-176Hf, and 87Rb-87Sr Systematics in the Angrites: Implications for Chronology and Processes on the Angrite Parent Body
Matthew E. Sanborn, Richard W. Carlson, Meenakshi Wadhwa Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 8 September 2015 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.026 LINK “Angrites are a group of basaltic achondrites with distinctive mineralogic and geochemical…
Metamorphic Angrite Northwest Africa 3164/5167 Compared to Magmatic Angrites
Bashar Baghdadi, Albert Jambon, Jean-Alix Barrat Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 21 July 2015 LINK
Early accretion of protoplanets inferred from a reduced inner solar system 26Al inventory
Martin Schiller, James N. Connelly, Aslaug C. Glad, Takashi Mikouchi, Martin Bizzarro Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume 420, 15 June 2015, Pages 45–54 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.028 LINK
Mn-Cr dating of Fe- and Ca-rich olivine from ‘quenched’ and ‘plutonic’ angrite meteorites using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
Seann J. McKibbin, Trevor R. Ireland, Yuri Amelin, Peter Holden Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta available online 21 February 2015 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.02.019 LINK
Onset of a Planetesimal Dynamo and the Lifetime of the Solar Nebular Magnetic Field
H. Wang, B. P. Weiss, B. G. Downey, J. Wang , Y. K. Chen-Wiegart , J. Wang , C. R.Suavet, R. R. Fu, E. A. Lima, and M. E. Zucolotto PDF LINK
Northwest Africa 8535: Unique Dunitic Angrite
C. B. Agee, H. M. Miley, K. Ziegler, M. N. Spilde 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2015), Abstract #2681 PDF LINK
Nebular Fractionation (not Core Formation) is Responsible for the Heavy Silicon Isotope Compositions of Angrites and Earth
N. Dauphas, F. Poitrasson, C. Burkhardt 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2015), Abstract #1417 PDF LINK
Silicon isotopes in angrites and volatile loss in planetesimals
Emily A. Pringle, Frédéric Moynier, Paul S. Savage, James Badro, and Jean-Alix Barrat PNAS2014 111 (48)17029-17032; published ahead of print November 17, 2014, doi:10.1073/pnas.1418889111 LINK Supporting Information (PDF)
Evolution of the angrite parent body: Implications of metamorphic coronas in NWA 3164
Baghdadi B, Godard G and Jambon A Meteoritics & Planetary Science Volume 48, Issue 10, pages 1873–1893, October 2013 LINK
A re-evaluation of the Mn-Cr systematics of olivine from the angrite meteorite D’Orbigny using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
McKibbin SJ, Ireland TR, Amelin Y, Holden P and Sugiura N Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Volume 123, 15 December 2013, Pages 181–194 DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2013.09.001 LINK
Uranium isotope compositions of the basaltic angrite meteorites and the chronological implications for the early Solar System
Gregory A. Brennecka and Meenakshi Wadhwa NAS 2012 109 (24) 9299-9303; published ahead of print May 30, 2012, doi:10.1073/pnas.1114043109 PDF LINK LINK (Supporting Information) LINK (abstract) Abstract Events occurring within the first 10 million years…
