AMOS global meteor network: Instrumentation, procedures, accuracy validation and results

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Juraj Tóth, Leonard Kornoš, František Ďuriš, Pavol Matlovič, Pavol Zigo, Dušan Kalmančok, Tomáš Paulech, Jaroslav Šimon, Martin Baláž, Tomáš Vörös, Mária Paprskárová, Veronika Pazderová, Juraj Solčáni, Marcel Schichman, Peter Varga

Icarus
Available online 6 April 2026, 117086

LINK

“Highlights

  • The All–sky Meteor Orbit System (AMOS) is a highly sensitive, fully automated all-sky video system designed for meteor observations, complemented by the AMOS–Spec spectral subsystem for comprehensive characterization of meteoroids in their physical properties, composition, and dynamics.
  • AMOS stations are integrated into a global meteor monitoring network that continuously surveys the night sky from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, achieving coverage down to a limiting magnitude of about +3 for meteors.
  • The astrometric and photometric performance of AMOS has been assessed and validated through comparisons with high-precision photographic measurements from the European Fireball Network, as well as trajectory and orbital solutions produced by FRIPON, the Global Meteor Network and the Desert Fireball Network.
  • This paper describes the AMOS instrumental setup, our own software and data-processing architecture, illustrating the resulting meteor data products through a representative case study.”

“Systematic and accurate meteor observations allow us to obtain crucial information about the dynamical, physical and compositional properties of small Solar System bodies, which cannot be detected by telescopes. The All–sky Meteor Orbit System (AMOS) global network provides observations of meteors and their spectra, unique both in its global coverage at sites with exceptional sky conditions and its wide scientific scope. Correct reduction of meteor observations from multiple stations is critical for accurate determination of meteor trajectories and heliocentric orbits of meteoroids. We present the procedures used in the AMOS network for meteor detection, astrometry, photometry, trajectory and orbit determination. Using this processing pipeline, we then validate the accuracy of the obtained trajectory and orbital data on a sample of meteor and fireball observations, studied simultaneously by the accurate instruments and procedures of the Czech part of the European Fireball Network. AMOS cover range spans from to magnitude for meteors, best meteor results are obtained in the operation range to magnitude. Special case studies of complex meteor physical and dynamical evaluation are presented.”

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